@article {3180300,
	title = {Effects of social presence on behavioral, neural, and physiological aspects of empathy for pain},
	journal = {Cerebral Cortex},
	volume = {33},
	year = {2023},
	pages = {9954-9970},
	abstract = {In mediated interactions (e.g. video calls), less information is available about the other. <!--break-->To investigate how this affects our empathy for one another, we conducted an electroencephalogram study, in which 30 human participants observed 1 of 5 targets undergoing painful electric stimulation, once in a direct interaction and once in a live, video-mediated interaction. We found that observers were as accurate in judging others{\textquoteright} pain and showed as much affective empathy via video as in a direct encounter. While mu suppression, a common neural marker of empathy, was not sensitive to others{\textquoteright} pain, theta responses to others{\textquoteright} pain as well as skin conductance coupling between participants were reduced in the video-mediated condition. We conclude that physical proximity with its rich social cues is important for nuanced physiological resonance with the other{\textquoteright}s experience. More studies are warranted to confirm these results and to understand their behavioral significance for remote social interactions},
	url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37462059/},
	author = {Petereit, P and Weiblen, R and Perry, A and Kr{\"a}mer, U. M.}
}
